The most famous Arabic calligraphers and their works, who are the pioneers of Arabic calligraphy?

Arabic script:

The history of Arabic calligraphy is long and storied with many masters who have left their mark on the art form. These artists pushed the boundaries of what was thought possible in writing, creating beautiful works of art that are still admired today. Islamic calligraphy also appeared at this time, although it was done in black ink rather than color. This type of work was used primarily by royalty until it began to be produced by commercial printing houses in Baghdad in the 10th century AD. Islamic calligraphers used several techniques, including Diwani (or handwritten) script, naskh (or engraved capital letters), and Thuluth (or vertical lines) script.

Calligraphy has been around for thousands of years and has been part of Islamic culture since the time of the Prophet Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace. Arabic calligraphy reached its peak during the Islamic Golden Age (9th-13th centuries). During this period, many famous Arab artists worked on various types of calligraphy works such as Quranic verses or poems by poets such as Omar Khayyam (1048-1131 AD) or Jabr Ibn Hayyan (1020-1085 A.D).

The Arabs used their knowledge of letters to create beautiful ornate designs on ceramics, books and other objects. In the field of calligraphy, there are many famous Arabic calligraphers who have made the field of art more beautiful. They contributed to the development of calligraphy and made it a unique art form.

Among the most famous calligraphers of all ages:

The first Arabic calligraphers were inhabitants of Basra, famous for the beauty of calligraphy. Abu Ali al-Hasan bin Muhammad bin Hazm al-Baghdadi was one of the first calligraphers and is known as one of the most famous Arabic writers. He was born in Basra, Iraq in 872 AD. Expert in the art of writing in Arabic and Persian. He wrote many books on calligraphy and helped many people learn to write in these languages by giving them lessons in his time.

Among the famous Arabic calligraphers was Al-Qalqashandi, born in Baghdad around 892 AD. He was also known as "Kalfiqashandi" meaning "the writer of Qalqashand" because he worked as a clerk for kings and princes when they traveled or visited Baghdad from all over the world including India, the China, Persia, etc.

Al-Hakim al-Nasaburi (847-908 AD) was an important figure in Islamic history who lived during the time of the Abbasid Caliphate. He was a famous calligrapher who used his art to spread knowledge about Islam through his religious writings and sermons. His most famous work is The Book of Knowledge.

Ibrahim Al-Bajadi: Ibrahim Al-Bajadi is a famous calligrapher who lived in the 13th century, and his works are considered among the finest in Arabic calligraphy. He was born in Baghdad, Iraq in 1035 AD. He studied with the famous calligrapher Abu Dhar Al-Ghafari, who taught him all his techniques. Moreover, Al-Bajadi also learned from many other masters. When he was young, he fell ill and could not continue to write well; However, in his older years he improved a lot and was able to write beautiful letters. His work is featured on many works of art around the world today, such as buildings and walls. He died at the age of 69 of natural causes in 1210 AD (Al-Bajadi).

Abu al-Haidar al-Tabari (c. 838 - 922) was the most important calligrapher of the Abbasid era, and his works are considered among the greatest achievements of Arabic calligraphy. He was known for his refined style and meticulous attention to detail, as well as his ability to create intricate ornamental designs with simple strokes. One of his most famous works is the Palace of Knowledge, a large fresco located in the National Library of Baghdad which illustrates many aspects of science and philosophy of this period.

Ibn Muqla (died 891 AD) was one of the greatest calligraphers of the 9th century and is known for his skill in creating intricate floral designs on Islamic ceramics using only simple lines and strokes. He also wrote several treatises on calligraphy, including "The Art of Calligraphy", which gave instructions on how to correctly write the various letters of Arabic calligraphy using pens made from horn or animal bones, which were then dipped in ink prepared with soot and glue. . Before using it to write letters on ceramic plates

Nabih Youssef: Nabih Youssef is one of the most famous Arabic calligraphers in the world. He is known for his fine works on parchment and paper which are now housed in museums around the world. His work can be seen in galleries across Europe, including the British Museum and the Louvre in Paris. His work also stands out on postage stamps issued by Kuwait, Iraq and Syria. He was born in Alexandria, Egypt in 1883 but died there in 1967 at the age of 91.

Ahmed Al-Maghribi Ahmed Al-Maghribi was an Arab calligrapher, painter and poet. He is considered one of the most famous calligraphers in Arabic literature. He lived in the 12th century in Spain. One of his most famous works is "The Planets" or "The Book of Songs", which contains poems and stories about different types of animals and birds.